By 2050, passenger and freight transport will be completely decarbonized by shifting to a more sustainable, diverse and resilient range of modes and vehicle technologies. Although individual countries will need to identify their own pathway to decarbonize their transport sector based on existing or potential constraints, challenges and policy priorities, the shifts will be made in a phased manner over a number of milestones, including higher market shares of low–and zero–carbon vehicles and modes (such as rail, public transport, walking and cycling), vessels and aircraft (including electric, hydrogen, hybrids, biofuels and ammonia), leading to all transport modes being completely decarbonized by 2050.